2024 Taiwanese legislative election
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Legislative elections were held in the Republic of China (Taiwan) on 13 January, 2024 for the Legislative Yuan of the Republic of China concurrently with the presidential election.[1][2] This election was the fifth to use the mixed electoral system after it was introduced to legislative elections.
The results saw the ruling Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) lose its majority in the Legislative Yuan that it had held since 2016, losing 11 seats and retaining 51, while the Kuomintang (KMT) became the largest single party with 52 seats, and the Taiwan People's Party (TPP) won eight seats. The New Power Party lost all its three seats after failing to win a constituency seat or meet the 5% threshold for at-large representation. The election marked the first time under the current electoral system (introduced in 2008) that no party held an absolute majority in the Legislative Yuan,[3] and the first in which the largest party in the legislature won neither the most constituency votes nor the most party votes. The term of the Legislative Yuan began on 1 February 2024.
Electoral system
Members were elected by parallel voting. 73 members were elected by first-past-the-post, 6 reserved for indigenous candidates by single non-transferable vote, and 34 by party-list proportional representation.
Contesting parties and candidates
A total of 315 candidates registered for first-past-the-post seats in the 2024 legislative election.[4] Sixteen political parties submitted party lists to the Central Election Commission (CEC). A total of 178 nominees were included on party lists.[5] On 15 December 2023, the CEC announced that six first-past-the post candidates, one candidate running for a reserved indigenous seat, and one party list candidate, were ineligible.[6] The campaign period officially started on 16 December 2023.[7]
Party | General seats | Aboriginal seats | Party list | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic Progressive Party | 69 | 2 | 34 | 105 | |
Kuomintang | 64 | 4 | 34 | 102 | |
Taiwan People's Party | 10 | 1 | 34 | 45 | |
New Power Party | 2 | 0 | 8 | 10 | |
Taiwan Statebuilding Party | 2 | 0 | 7 | 9 | |
People First Party | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 | |
Green Party | 1 | 0 | 8 | 9 | |
New Party | 1 | 1 | 8 | 10 | |
Taiwan Solidarity Union | 0 | 0 | 6 | 6 | |
Taiwan Renewal Party | 10 | 1 | 3 | 14 | |
Chinese Unification Promotion Party | 10 | 0 | 4 | 14 | |
Formosa Alliance | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
Labor Party | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
Independent | 65 | 9 | - | 74 | |
Others | 72 | 1 | 21 | 94 | |
Total | 309 | 19 | 177 | 505 |
Results
The Kuomintang won 52 seats in this election, making it the largest single party in the Legislative Yuan. The DPP, having won 51 seats, declined to the second largest party in the Legislative Yuan. The Taiwan People's Party ranked the third with 8 seats under its control. The DPP lost 11 seats in the election, which also meant the loss of the parliamentary majority that it had held since 2016. The election results also led to the removal of the New Power Party, which previously held three seats, from the Legislative Yuan after it failed to win a constituency seat or meet the 5% threshold needed to win at-large seats. Two independents, namely Chen Chao-ming and Kao Chin Su-mei, who were members of the Kuomintang caucus in the 10th Yuan, were also elected.[3]
The election was the first in Taiwanese history in which the party that received the most votes did not win the most seats, and also marked the first time since 2004 that no party held an absolute majority in the Legislative Yuan.[3] This result that TPP therefore has the "kingmaker" position, it's also meant that the TPP’s support was crucial in the selection of the President of the Legislative Yuan and the major policies.[8]
The election was also the first time that an openly bisexual candidate,[9] Huang Jie (DPP) of Kaohsiung city's sixth constituency, was elected to the Legislative Yuan.[10] It was also the first time that an openly transgender person, Abbygail ET Wu of the Green Party (at-large), ran for the chamber, albeit unsuccessfully.[11]
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Party | Party-list | Constituency/Aboriginal | Total seats | +/– | |||||
Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | ||||
Democratic Progressive Party | 4,982,062 | 36.16 | 13 | 6,095,276 | 45.09 | 38 | 51 | –10 | |
Kuomintang | 4,764,576 | 34.58 | 13 | 5,401,933 | 39.96 | 39 | 52 | +14 | |
Taiwan People's Party | 3,040,615 | 22.07 | 8 | 403,357 | 2.98 | 0 | 8 | +3 | |
New Power Party | 353,670 | 2.57 | 0 | 96,589 | 0.71 | 0 | 0 | –3 | |
Taiwan Obasang Political Equality Party [zh] | 128,613 | 0.93 | 0 | 78,138 | 0.58 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Green Party Taiwan | 117,298 | 0.85 | 0 | 15,557 | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Taiwan Statebuilding Party | 95,078 | 0.69 | 0 | 32,583 | 0.24 | 0 | 0 | –1 | |
People First Party | 69,817 | 0.51 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
MiLinguall Party [zh] | 44,852 | 0.33 | 0 | 55,937 | 0.41 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Taiwan Solidarity Union | 43,372 | 0.31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
New Party | 40,429 | 0.29 | 0 | 9,143 | 0.07 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Judicial Reform Party [zh] | 37,755 | 0.27 | 0 | 38,685 | 0.29 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Institutional Island of Saving the World [zh] | 19,691 | 0.14 | 0 | 11,260 | 0.08 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Unionist Party | 18,425 | 0.13 | 0 | 13,203 | 0.10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
The People Union Party [zh] | 11,746 | 0.09 | 0 | 25,216 | 0.19 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Taiwan Renewal Party [zh] | 10,303 | 0.07 | 0 | 33,347 | 0.25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Social Democratic Party | 74,375 | 0.55 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Formosa Alliance | 15,433 | 0.11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Taiwan Mahjong Greatest Party [zh] | 7,839 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Rehabilitation Alliance Party | 7,441 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Labor Party | 6,453 | 0.05 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Justice Party | 6,331 | 0.05 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
United China Party | 4,139 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Taiwan Nationalist Party | 3,293 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Taiwan Revolutionary Party | 3,072 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Chinese Culture Republican Party | 2,583 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Family Basic Income | 2,361 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Taiwan Plastic Surgery Federation Labor Party | 1,881 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Chinese Women's Party | 1,029 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
People's Democratic Party | 836 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Economic Party | 472 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Patriot Alliance Association | 310 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
United Action Alliance [zh] | 174 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Revival of the Chinese Alliance | 136 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Independents | 1,069,758 | 7.91 | 2 | 2 | –3 | ||||
Total | 13,778,302 | 100.00 | 34 | 13,518,140 | 100.00 | 79 | 113 | 0 | |
Valid votes | 13,778,302 | 98.10 | 13,518,140 | 97.41 | |||||
Invalid/blank votes | 267,306 | 1.90 | 359,917 | 2.59 | |||||
Total votes | 14,045,608 | 100.00 | 13,878,057 | 100.00 | |||||
Registered voters/turnout | 19,566,007 | 71.79 | 19,468,969 | 71.28 | |||||
Source: Central Election Commission |
By constituency
By National-at-large
National-at-large legislators are apportioned by largest remainder method. Political parties will gain seats upon reaching the 5% threshold and allocated based on total votes. The quota remains as 2.9412%, each political party will be allocated a seat. The remainder will be allocated based on the largest remainder (Remainder: Democratic Progressive Party 0.7244%; Kuomintang 1.9683%; Taiwan People's Party 0.2496%).
Counties/Cities | Total Voters | Democratic Progressive Party | Kuomintang | Taiwan People's Party | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | Votes % | Votes | Votes % | Votes | Votes % | |||||
Taipei | 2,090,062 | 511,126 | 33.36% | 575,004 | 37.53% | 334,389 | 21.83% | |||
New Taipei City | 3,402,064 | 846,766 | 34.81% | 854,558 | 35.13% | 556,980 | 22.90% | |||
Keelung | 312,207 | 67,018 | 31.01% | 85,320 | 39.48% | 48,401 | 22.40% | |||
Yilan County | 379,026 | 107,725 | 41.02% | 78,944 | 30.06% | 58,456 | 22.26% | |||
Taoyuan City | 1,882,592 | 429,373 | 32.14% | 475,063 | 35.56% | 338,329 | 25.32% | |||
Hsinchu County | 466,558 | 79,315 | 23.59% | 132,160 | 39.31% | 96,734 | 28.78% | |||
Hsinchu City | 359,465 | 79,721 | 30.20% | 83,499 | 31.63% | 77,496 | 29.35% | |||
Miaoli County | 447,767 | 79,224 | 25.32% | 135,107 | 43.18% | 72,815 | 23.27% | |||
Taichung City | 2,328,896 | 568,839 | 33.74% | 576,758 | 34.21% | 416,866 | 24.73% | |||
Changhua County | 1,032,636 | 251,994 | 34.58% | 255,616 | 35.08% | 170,903 | 23.45% | |||
Nantou County | 407,149 | 91,948 | 32.66% | 114,454 | 40.66% | 56,939 | 20.23% | |||
Yunlin County | 560,296 | 151,912 | 40.77% | 119,039 | 31.95% | 77,581 | 20.82% | |||
Chiayi County | 423,199 | 126,328 | 44.20% | 84,207 | 29.46% | 54,451 | 19.05% | |||
Chiayi City | 217,549 | 60,947 | 39.07% | 50,475 | 32.35% | 33,507 | 21.48% | |||
Tainan City | 1,567,432 | 508,784 | 45.97% | 296,987 | 26.83% | 214,469 | 19.38% | |||
Kaohsiung City | 2,312,303 | 728,109 | 44.90% | 496,423 | 30.61% | 283,062 | 17.46% | |||
Pingtung County | 681,631 | 207,893 | 44.40% | 153,480 | 32.78% | 76,870 | 16.42% | |||
Taitung County | 178,728 | 25,918 | 24.17% | 56,017 | 52.23% | 18,182 | 16.95% | |||
Hualien County | 267,824 | 36,580 | 21.45% | 90,090 | 52.85% | 33,383 | 19.57% | |||
Penghu County | 92,642 | 17,472 | 36.24% | 18,523 | 38.42% | 9,395 | 19.49% | |||
Kinmen County | 126,422 | 3,586 | 7.97% | 28,688 | 63.79% | 9,796 | 21.7% | |||
Lienchiang County | 12,083 | 482 | 7.96% | 3,881 | 64.12% | 1,330 | 21.97% | |||
Note:
|
Democratic Progressive Party | Kuomintang | Taiwan People's Party |
Lin Yueh-chin Puma Shen Ariel Chang Hung Sun-han Loh Meei-ling You Si-kun Fan Yun Ker Chien-ming Shen Fa-hui Chuang Jui-hsiung Lin Chu-yin Jean Kuo Chen Pei-yu | Han Kuo-yu Ko Chih-en Ko Ju-chun Weng Hsiao-ling Chen Jing-hui Wu Tsung-hsien Lin Chien-chi Chen Yeong-kang Hsu Yu-chen Hsieh Lung-chieh Su Ching-chuan Chang Chia-chun Wang Yu-min | Huang Shan-shan Huang Kuo-chang Chen Gau-tzu Wu Chun-cheng Mạch Ngọc Trân Lin Kuo-chen Lin Yi-chun Chang Chi-kai |
Aftermath
At the opening of the new Legislative Yuan on 1 February 2024, Han Kuo-yu of the Kuomintang was elected as President of the Legislative Yuan following two rounds of voting in which all eight members of the TPP abstained in the second round. Han obtained the support of the KMT's 52 members in the Legislative Yuan as well as two independents[12] and defeated the DPP's You Si-kun and the TPP's Huang Shan-shan. The KMT's Johnny Chiang was also elected as deputy speaker, defeating the DPP's Tsai Chi-chang and the TPP's Chang Chi-kai.[13]
See also
Notes
- ^ District and aboriginal electorate; party-list voter turnout was 71.78%
- ^ The former legislator of this constituency, Lin Yi-hua of the Kuomintang, resigned in February 2023 to take the position of deputy mayor of Taipei. Since the remaining term was less than one year, no by-election was held. Source: "Legislator's plan to delay Taipei post questioned". Taipei Times. 2022-12-25. Retrieved 2024-01-21.
References
- ^ "Taiwan sets Jan 13, 2024 for presidential, legislative elections". Taiwan News. 2023-03-10. Retrieved 2023-08-08.
- ^ "2024 presidential, legislative elections slated for Jan. 13: CEC". Focus Taiwan - CNA English News. 10 March 2023. Retrieved 2023-08-08.
- ^ a b c "No party gets majority in Legislature; KMT wins most seats". Focus Taiwan. 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
- ^ "315 legislative candidates have registered". Taipei Times. 26 November 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- ^ Lai, Yu-chen; Wang, Cheng-chung; Yeh, Su-ping; Wang, Yang-yu; Wen, Kuei-hsiang; Tsai, Meng-yu; Hsiao, Alison (25 November 2023). "ELECTION 2024/Parties weigh effect of KMT-TPP joint ticket failure on legislative elections". Central News Agency. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
Friday marked the last day of candidacy registration for both presidential and legislative elections next year. According to the Central Election Commission (CEC), a total of 315 legislative candidates have registered to compete for 73 seats in the single-member districts, while 16 political parties registered their lists, with a total of 178 nominees, for 34 at-large seats.
- ^ Lai, Yu-chen; Liu, Kuan-ting; Yang, Evelyn (15 December 2023). "ELECTION 2024/8 ineligible to register as legislative candidates: CEC". Central News Agency. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
- ^ Lai, Yu-chen; Ko, Lin (15 December 2023). "ELECTION 2024/Campaign for Taiwan's Jan. 13 elections to officially start Saturday". Central News Agency. Retrieved 16 December 2023. Republished as: "Election commission officially starts campaign". Taipei Times. 16 December 2023. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
- ^ "No party gets legislative majority; small TPP to play key role". Focus Taiwan. 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
- ^ Storm.mg (2021-01-24). "觀點投書:護航黃捷不要炫耀雙性戀-風傳媒". www.storm.mg (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Retrieved 2024-02-01.
- ^ "Huang Jie becomes Taiwan's first openly gay legislator". Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
- ^ "Taiwan's 1st transgender legislative candidate vows to continue activism". Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 23 January 2024.
- ^ "Member of Taiwan's pro-unification Nationalists elected speaker in a consolation prize for China". Associated Press. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ "KMT wins speakership, deputy speakership in newly sworn-in Legislature". Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- v
- t
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- See also: Elections in the Republic of China (1912–49)
- List of by-elections in Taiwan