Fort São Sebastião (Castro Marim)
The Fort São Sebastião of Castro Marim (Forte de São Sebastão de Castro Marim in Portuguese) is located in the village, parish and municipality of Castro Marim, in the District of Faro, in Portugal.
The fort is located to the south of Monte do Castelo, in Serra do Cabeço, where there was originally a hermitage under the invocation of Saint Sebastian, demolished during the fortification works.[2] Its importance stems from it being the best preserved example of the extensive process of renovation of the town's defensive system in the mid-17th century.
The fort has been classified as a National Monument since 2012.[1]
History
Work on the fort began in April 1641 under the reign of John IV (1640-1656), from 1641 onwards, during the War of Restoration of Portuguese Independence, with the aim of strengthening the defense of this strategic section of the border. It was completed in 1658.[1] Its design aimed to modernize the protection provided by the old medieval castle, transforming the village into the main stronghold of the Algarve at the time.[3] A new set of walls connecting the fort to the town and medieval castle was later built, during the 17th century.[1][2]
The defensive set was complemented by the ravelin Santo António , to the east of the village.
Underground magazines and casemates were built between 1819 and 1829 housed the Battalion of Caçadores 4.[2] The gates São Sebastião and Santo António and the walls they were built into were demolished in 1877.[2]
Features
The fort has an organic polygon plan (adapted to the terrain), with five bastions, named S. Sebastião, Baluarte Cheio, Baluarte das Lezírias, Baluarte da Bandeira.[2]
The main gate faces north, towards the village, communicating with the old castle through a wall and covered entrance. In this way, the integration of the 18th century bastion system with the old walled enclosure of the village can be observed.
Gallery
See also
References
- ^ a b c d Forte de São Sebastião at monumentos.gov.pt
- ^ a b c d e FORTE DE SÃO SEBASTIÃO at jf-castromarim.pt
- ^ FORTRESS OF SAINT SEBASTIAN at baixoguadiana.com
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![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Fortress_of_Almeida.jpg/170px-Fortress_of_Almeida.jpg)
Branco
- Forte de Ponte de Alvito
- Fortress of Buarcos
- Santa Catarina
- Palheiros Fort
- Estremoz
- Juromenha
- Santo António da Piedade
- Fort of Mourão
- São Luís
- Fort of Arrifana
- Santa Catarina
- São João do Arade
- Nossa Senhora da Encarnação
- Nossa Senhora da Luz
- Nossa Senhora da Penha de França
- Cavaleiros de Santiago
- São Sebastião de Castro Marim
- Fort of Sagres
- Nossa Senhora da Guia
- São Roque
- São Vicente
- Santo António de Tavira
- São João da Barra
- Vera Cruz
- Burgau Fort
- Santo António de Belixe
- Nossa Senhora da Rocha
- São Francisco
- Nossa Senhora da Consolação
- São João Baptista das Berlengas
- São Miguel Arcanjo
- São Vicente
- Bom Sucesso
- Santo António da Barra
- São Lourenço do Bugio
- Nossa Senhora da Luz
- Fort of Guincho
- Nossa Senhora da Guia
- Santa Susana
- São João das Maias
- São Bruno
- Nossa Senhora de Porto Salvo
- São Pedro de Milreu
- Nossa Senhora dos Anjos
- Nossa Senhora das Mercês
- Fort of Sacavém
- São Jorge
- São Julião da Barra
- São Pedro do Estoril
- São Teodósio
- Santa Marta
- Santo Amaro
- Nossa Senhora da Natividade
- Santa Apolónia
- São Brás de Sanxete
- Fort of Cresmina
Lines of Torres Vedras | |
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Campo Entrincheirado |
Castelo
- Areosa Fort
- Fort of Cão
- Nossa Senhora da Ínsua
- Fort of Lagarteira
- Montedor Fort
- Monção
- Santiago da Barra
- São Francisco de Lovelhe
- Valença
- Fort of the Açougue (Terceira)
- Fort of the Cavalas (Terceira)
- Fort of the Church of São Mateus da Calheta (Terceira)
- Fort of Cinco Ribeiras (Terceira)
- Espírito Santo (Terceira)
- Fort of the Caninas (Terceira)
- Nossa Senhora da Guia (Faial)
- Fort of Greta (Terceira)
- Fort of Má Ferramenta (Terceira)
- Fort of the Maré (Terceira)
- Military Battery of Espalamaca (Faial)
- Fort of Negrito (Terceira)
- Dois Paus redoubt (Terceira)
- São João Baptista (Terceira)
- Reducto da Salga (Terceira)
- Três Paus redoubt (Terceira)
- Forte da Salga (Terceira)
- Santa Catarina das Mós (Terceira)
- Santa Cruz (Faial)
- Santo António (Terceira)
- Santo António do Monte Brasil (Terceira)
- São Brás (Santa Maria)
- São Fernando (Terceira)
- São Francisco (Terceira)
- São João (Terceira)
- São João Baptista (Santa Maria)
- São Mateus da Calheta (Terceira)
- São Sebastião (Terceira)
- Forte do Terreiro (Terceira)
- Zimbreiro Fort (Terceira)
- São João Baptista (Pico)
- Nossa Senhora do Amparo (Madeira)
- São José (Porto Santo)
- São Lourenço (Madeira)
- São Tiago (Madeira)