List of graptolite genera
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Didymograptus_murchisoni_lg.jpg/300px-Didymograptus_murchisoni_lg.jpg)
This list of graptolites is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be members of Graptolithina, excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera that are now considered invalid, doubtful (nomina dubia), or were not formally published (nomina nuda), as well as junior synonyms of more established names, misspelled names, and genera that are no longer considered graptolites.
The list below is based on the genera listed in Maletz (2014).[1]
Naming conventions and terminology
Naming conventions and terminology follow the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Technical terms used include:
- Junior synonym: A name which describes the same taxon as a previously published name. If two or more genera are formally designated and the type specimens are later assigned to the same genus, the first to be published (in chronological order) is the senior synonym, and all other instances are junior synonyms. Senior synonyms are generally used, except by special decision of the ICZN, but junior synonyms cannot be used again, even if deprecated. Junior synonymy is often subjective, unless the genera described were both based on the same type specimen.
- Nomen nudum (Latin for "naked name"): A name that has appeared in print but has not yet been formally published by the standards of the ICZN. Nomina nuda (the plural form) are invalid, and are therefore not italicized as a proper generic name would be. If the name is later formally published, that name is no longer a nomen nudum and will be italicized on this list. Often, the formally published name will differ from any nomina nuda that describe the same specimen.
- Nomen oblitum (Latin for "forgotten name"): A name that has not been used in the scientific community for more than fifty years after its original proposal.
- Preoccupied name: A name that is formally published, but which has already been used for another taxon. This second use is invalid (as are all subsequent uses) and the name must be replaced. As preoccupied names are not valid generic names, they will also go unitalicized on this list.
- Nomen dubium (Latin for "dubious name"): A name describing a fossil with no unique diagnostic features. As this can be an extremely subjective and controversial designation, this term is not used on this list.
List
Genus | Family | Authority |
---|---|---|
Acoelothecia | Cephalodiscidae | John, 1931 |
Aellograptus | Cephalodiscidae | Obut, 1964 |
Atubaria | Cephalodiscidae | Sato, 1936 |
Cephalodiscus | Cephalodiscidae | M’Intosh, 1882 |
Demiothecia | Cephalodiscidae | Ridewood, 1906 |
Eocephalodiscus | Cephalodiscidae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Idiothecia | Cephalodiscidae | Lankester, 1906 in Ridewood (1906) |
Melanostrophus | Cephalodiscidae | Öpik, 1930 |
Orthoecus | Cephalodiscidae | Andersson, 1907 |
Pterobranchites | Cephalodiscidae | Kozłowski, 1967 |
?Archaeocryptolaria | Rhabdopleuridae | Chapman, 1919 |
Calyxhydra | Rhabdopleuridae | Kozłowski, 1959 |
Chitinodendron | Rhabdopleuridae | Eisenack, 1937 |
Cylindrohydra | Rhabdopleuridae | Kozłowski, 1959 |
Diplohydra | Rhabdopleuridae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Eorhabdopleura | Rhabdopleuridae | Kozłowski, 1970 |
Epigraptus | Rhabdopleuridae | Eisenack, 1941 |
Fasciculitubus | Rhabdopleuridae | Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1967 |
Graptovermis | Rhabdopleuridae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Haliolophus | Rhabdopleuridae | Sars, 1868 |
?Haplograptus | Rhabdopleuridae | Ruedemann, 1933 |
Idiotubus | Rhabdopleuridae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Kystodendron | Rhabdopleuridae | Kozłowski, 1959 |
Lagenohydra | Rhabdopleuridae | Kozłowski, 1959 |
?Malongitubus | Rhabdopleuridae | Hu, 2005 |
Palaeokylix | Rhabdopleuridae | Eisenack, 1932 |
Palaeotuba | Rhabdopleuridae | Eisenack, 1934 |
Rhabdopleura | Rhabdopleuridae | Allman, 1869 in Norman (1869) |
Rhabdopleurites | Rhabdopleuridae | Kozłowski, 1967 |
Rhabdopleuroides | Rhabdopleuridae | Kozłowski, 1961 |
Rhabdotubus | Rhabdopleuridae | Bengtson & Urbanek, 1986 |
?Sphenoecium | Rhabdopleuridae | Chapman & Thomas, 1936 |
Sphenothallus | Rhabdopleuridae | Chapman, 1917 |
Stolonodendrum | Rhabdopleuridae | Kozłowski, 1949a |
Xenotheca | Rhabdopleuridae | Eisenack, 1937 |
?Yuknessia | Rhabdopleuridae | Walcott, 1919 |
Bithecocamara | Cysticamaridae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Cysticamara | Cysticamaridae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Erecticamara | Cysticamaridae | Mierzejewski, 2000 |
Flexicollicamara | Cysticamaridae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Graptocamara | Cysticamaridae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Syringataenia | Cysticamaridae | Obut, 1953 |
Tubicamara | Cysticamaridae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Bulmanicrusta | Wimanicrustidae | Kozłowski, 1962 |
Ellesicrusta | Wimanicrustidae | Kozłowski, 1962 |
Graptoblastoides | Wimanicrustidae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Graptoblastus | Wimanicrustidae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Holmicrusta | Wimanicrustidae | Kozłowski, 1962 |
Hormograptus | Wimanicrustidae | Öpik, 1930 |
Lapworthicrusta | Wimanicrustidae | Kozłowski, 1962 |
Maenniligraptus | Wimanicrustidae | Mierzejewski, 1986b |
Ruedemannicrusta | Wimanicrustidae | Kozłowski, 1962 |
Thallograptus | Wimanicrustidae | Öpik, 1928 |
Urbanekicrusta | Wimanicrustidae | Mierzejewski, 1986b |
Wimanicrusta | Wimanicrustidae | Kozłowski, 1962 |
Xenocyathus | Wimanicrustidae | Eisenack, 1982 |
Archaeolafoea | Dithecodendridae | Chapman, 1919 |
Bulmanidendrum | Dithecodendridae | Obut, 1974 |
?Dalyia | Dithecodendridae | Walcott, 1919 |
Dithecodendrum | Dithecodendridae | Obut, 1964 |
Karasidendrum | Dithecodendridae | Sennikov, 1998 |
Ovetograptus | Dithecodendridae | Sdzuy, 1974 |
Protodendrum | Dithecodendridae | Sennikov, 1998 |
Siberiodendrum | Dithecodendridae | Obut, 1964 |
Sibiriograptus | Dithecodendridae | Obut, 1964 |
Sotograptus | Dithecodendridae | Sdzuy, 1974 |
Tarnagraptus | Dithecodendridae | Sdzuy, 1974 |
?Alternograptus | Cyclograptidae | Bouček, 1956 |
?Callodendrograptus | Cyclograptidae | Decker, 1945 |
Calycotubus | Cyclograptidae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Camarotubus | Cyclograptidae | Mierzejewski, 2001 |
Conitubus | Cyclograptidae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Cyclograptus | Cyclograptidae | Spencer, 1883 |
Dendrotubus | Cyclograptidae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Discograptus | Cyclograptidae | Wiman, 1901 |
Dyadograptus | Cyclograptidae | Obut, 1960 |
Galeograptus | Cyclograptidae | Wiman, 1901 |
Kozlowskitubus | Cyclograptidae | Mierzejewski, 1978 |
Marsipograptus | Cyclograptidae | Ruedemann, 1936 |
Multitubus | Cyclograptidae | Skevington, 1963 |
Parvitubus | Cyclograptidae | Skevington, 1963 |
Reticulograptus | Cyclograptidae | Wiman, 1901 |
Rhiphidodendrum | Cyclograptidae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Rodonograptus | Cyclograptidae | Počta, 1894 |
Siberiodendrum | Cyclograptidae | Obut, 1964 |
Syrriphidograptus | Cyclograptidae | Poulsen, 1924 |
Tubidendrum | Cyclograptidae | Kozłowski, 1949 |
Airograptus | Dendrograptidae | Ruedemann, 1916 |
Aspidograptus | Dendrograptidae | Bulman, 1934 |
?Cactograptus | Dendrograptidae | Ruedemann, 1908 |
Callograptus | Dendrograptidae | Hall, 1865 |
Calyxdendrum | Dendrograptidae | Kozłowski, 1960 |
Capillograptus | Dendrograptidae | Bouček, 1957 |
Dendrograptus | Dendrograptidae | Hall, 1858 |
Denticulograptus | Dendrograptidae | Schmidt, 1939 |
Desmograptus | Dendrograptidae | Hopkinson in Hopkinson & Lapworth, 1875 |
Dictyonema | Dendrograptidae | Hall, 1851 |
Graptolodendrum | Dendrograptidae | Kozłowski, 1966 |
Licnograptus | Dendrograptidae | Ruedemann, 1947 |
Odontocaulis | Dendrograptidae | Lapworth, 1881 |
Ophigraptus | Dendrograptidae | Jaeger, 1992 |
Ophiograptus | Dendrograptidae | Poulsen, 1937 |
Pseudocallograptus | Dendrograptidae | Skevington, 1963 |
Pseudodictyonema | Dendrograptidae | Bouček, 1957 |
Ptilograptus | Dendrograptidae | Hall, 1865 |
Ptiograptus | Dendrograptidae | Ruedemann, 1908 |
Rhabdinopora (Dictyograptus) | Dendrograptidae | Paškevičius, 2011 |
Rhizograpsus | Dendrograptidae | Spencer, 1878 |
?Ruedemannograptus | Dendrograptidae | Termier & Termier, 1948 |
Stelechiocladia | Dendrograptidae | Počta, 1894 |
Streptograptus | Dendrograptidae | Ruedemann, 1947 |
Zigzagigraptus | Dendrograptidae | Yu, 1962 |
Acanthograpsus | Acanthograptidae | Spencer, 1878 |
Archaeodictyota | Acanthograptidae | Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1967 |
Boiophyton | Acanthograptidae | Obrhel, 1959 |
Coremagraptus | Acanthograptidae | Bulman, 1942 |
Koremagraptus | Acanthograptidae | Bulman, 1927b |
Palaeodictyota | Acanthograptidae | Whitfield, 1902 |
Saxonia | Acanthograptidae | Roselt, 1962 |
Trimerohydra | Acanthograptidae | Kozłowski, 1959 |
Mastigograptus | Mastigograptidae | Ruedemann, 1908 |
Micrograptus | Mastigograptidae | Eisenack, 1974 |
Adelograptus | Anisograptidae | Bulman, 1941 |
Aletograptus | Anisograptidae | Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1962 |
Ancoragraptus | Anisograptidae | Jackson & Lenz, 2003 |
Anisograptus | Anisograptidae | Ruedemann, 1937 |
Aorograptus | Anisograptidae | Williams & Stevens, 1991 |
Araneograptus | Anisograptidae | Erdtmann & VandenBerg, 1985 |
Bryograptus | Anisograptidae | Lapworth, 1880 |
Chigraptus | Anisograptidae | Jackson & Lenz, 1999 |
Choristograptus | Anisograptidae | Legrand, 1964 |
Damesograptus | Anisograptidae | Jahn, 1892 |
Dictyodendron | Anisograptidae | Westergård, 1909 |
Dictyograptus | Anisograptidae | Hopkinson, 1875 in Hopkinson & Lapworth (1875) |
Dictyograptus | Anisograptidae | Westergård, 1909 |
Diphygraptus | Anisograptidae | Zhao & Zhang, 1985 |
Graptopora | Anisograptidae | Salter, 1858 |
Heterograptus | Anisograptidae | Zhao & Zhang in Lin, 1986 |
Holopsigraptus | Anisograptidae | Zhao & Zhang, 1985 |
Hunjiangograptus | Anisograptidae | Zhao & Zhang, 1985 |
Hunnegraptus | Anisograptidae | Lindholm, 1991 |
Kiaerograptus | Anisograptidae | Spjeldnaes, 1963 |
Muenzhigraptus | Anisograptidae | Zhao & Zhang, 1985 |
Neoclonograptus | Anisograptidae | Zhao & Zhang, 1985 |
?Nephelograptus | Anisograptidae | Ruedemann, 1947 |
Paraclonograptus | Anisograptidae | Zhao & Zhang, 1985 |
Paratemnograptus | Anisograptidae | Williams & Stevens, 1991 |
Phyllograpta | Anisograptidae | Angelin, 1854 |
Psigraptus | Anisograptidae | Jackson, 1967 |
Radiograptus | Anisograptidae | Bulman, 1950 |
Rhabdinopora | Anisograptidae | Eichwald, 1855 |
Sagenograptus | Anisograptidae | Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1962 |
Staurograpsus | Anisograptidae | Emmons, 1855 |
?Stellatograptus | Anisograptidae | Erdtmann, 1967 |
Toyenograptus | Anisograptidae | Li, 1984 |
Triograptus | Anisograptidae | Monsen, 1925 |
Triramograptus | Anisograptidae | Erdtmann, 1998 in Cooper et al. (1998) |
Yukonograptus | Anisograptidae | Lin, 1981 |
Acrograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Tzaj, 1969 |
Azygograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Nicholson & Lapworth, 1875 in Nicholson (1875) |
Eoazygograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Obut & Sennikov, 1984 |
Eotetragraptus | Sigmagraptidae | Bouček & Přibyl, 1951 |
Etagraptus | Sigmagraptidae | Ruedemann, 1904 |
Goniograptus | Sigmagraptidae | M’Coy, 1876 |
Hemigoniograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Jin & Wang, 1977 |
Jiangnanograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Xiao & Chen, 1990 |
Jishougraptus | Sigmagraptidae | Ge, 1988 |
Keblograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Riva, 1992 |
Kinnegraptus | Sigmagraptidae | Skoglund, 1961 |
Laxograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Cooper & Fortey, 1982 |
Maeandrograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Moberg, 1892 |
Metazygograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Obut & Sennikov, 1984 |
Oslograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Jaanusson, 1965 |
Paradelograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Erdtmann, Maletz & Gutiérrez-Marco, 1987 |
Paraulograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Bouček, 1973 |
Pendeosalicograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Jiao, 1981 |
Perissograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Williams & Stevens, 1988 |
Praegoniograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Rickards & Chapman, 1991 |
Prokinnegraptus | Sigmagraptidae | Mu, 1974 |
Sigmagraptus | Sigmagraptidae | Ruedemann, 1904 |
Taishanograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Li & Ge, 1987 in Li, Ge & Chen (1987) |
Trichograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Nicholson, 1876 |
Wuninograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Ni, 1981 |
Yushanograptus | Sigmagraptidae | Chen, Sun & Han, 1964 |
Allograptus | Sinograptidae | Mu, 1957 |
Anomalograptus | Sinograptidae | Clark, 1924 |
Atopograptus | Sinograptidae | Harris, 1926 |
Brachiograptus | Sinograptidae | Harris & Keble, 1932 |
Hemiholmograptus | Sinograptidae | Hsü & Chao, 1976 |
Holmograptus | Sinograptidae | Kozłowski, 1954 |
Nicholsonograptus | Sinograptidae | Bouček & Přibyl, 1951 |
Paradidymograptus | Sinograptidae | Mu, Geh & Yin, 1962 in Mu et al. (1962) |
Pseudodichograptus | Sinograptidae | Chu, 1965 |
Pseudojanograptus | Sinograptidae | Hsü & Chao, 1976 |
Pseudologanograptus | Sinograptidae | Hsü & Chao, 1976 |
Pseudotetragraptus | Sinograptidae | Hsü & Chao, 1976 |
Sinazygograptus | Sinograptidae | Wang & Wu, 1977 in Wang & Jin (1977) |
Sinograptus | Sinograptidae | Mu, 1957 |
Tylograptus | Sinograptidae | Mu, 1957 |
Zygograptus | Sinograptidae | Harris & Thomas, 1941 |
Abrograptus | Abrograptidae | Mu, 1958 |
Dinemagraptus | Abrograptidae | Kozłowski, 1951 |
Jiangshanites | Abrograptidae | Mu & Qiao, 1962 |
Metabrograptus | Abrograptidae | Strachan, 1990 |
Parabrograptus | Abrograptidae | Mu & Qiao, 1962 |
Anthograptus | Dichograptidae | Törnquist, 1904 |
Calamograptus | Dichograptidae | Clark, 1924 |
Clonograpsus | Dichograptidae | Nicholson, 1873 |
Ctenograptus | Dichograptidae | Nicholson, 1876 |
Dichograpsus | Dichograptidae | Salter, 1863 |
Hermannograptus | Dichograptidae | Monsen, 1937 |
Holograptus | Dichograptidae | Holm, 1881a |
Kellamograptus | Dichograptidae | Rickards & Chapman, 1991 |
Kstaugraptus | Dichograptidae | Tzaj, 1973 |
Loganograptus | Dichograptidae | Hall, 1868 |
Mimograptus | Dichograptidae | Harris & Thomas, 1940 |
Orthodichograptus | Dichograptidae | Thomas, 1972 |
Rouvilligraptus | Dichograptidae | Barrois, 1893 |
Schizograptus | Dichograptidae | Nicholson, 1876 |
Temnograptus | Dichograptidae | Nicholson, 1876 |
Triaenograptus | Dichograptidae | Hall, 1914 |
Tridensigraptus | Dichograptidae | Zhao, 1964 |
Trochograptus | Dichograptidae | Holm, 1881a |
Aulograptus | Didymograptidae | Skevington, 1965 |
Baltograptus | Didymograptidae | Maletz, 1994 |
Cladograpsus | Didymograptidae | Geinitz, 1852 |
Cymatograptus | Didymograptidae | Jaanusson, 1965 |
Didymograptus | Didymograptidae | M’Coy, 1851 in Sedgwick & M’Coy (1851) |
Expansograptus | Didymograptidae | Bouček & Přibyl, 1951 |
Janograptus | Didymograptidae | Tullberg, 1880 |
Jenkinsograptus | Didymograptidae | Gutiérrez-Marco, 1986 |
Parazygograptus | Didymograptidae | Kozłowski, 1954 |
Trigonograpsus | Didymograptidae | Nicholson, 1869 |
Didymograptellus | Pterograptidae | Cooper & Fortey, 1982 |
Pseudobryograptus | Pterograptidae | Mu, 1957 |
Pterograptus | Pterograptidae | Holm, 1881b |
Xiphograptus | Pterograptidae | Cooper & Fortey, 1982 |
Yutagraptus | Pterograptidae | Riva, 1994 |
Corymbograptus | Tetragraptidae | Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1964 |
Paratetragraptus | Tetragraptidae | Obut, 1957 |
Pendeograptus | Tetragraptidae | Bouček & Přibyl, 1951 |
Phyllograptus | Tetragraptidae | Hall, 1858 |
Pseudophyllograptus | Tetragraptidae | Cooper & Fortey, 1982 |
Pseudotrigonograptus | Tetragraptidae | Mu & Lee, 1958 |
Tetragrapsus | Tetragraptidae | Salter, 1863 |
Tristichograptus | Tetragraptidae | Jackson & Bulman, 1970 |
Arienigraptus | Isograptidae | Yu & Fang, 1981 |
Cardiograptus | Isograptidae | Harris & Keble, 1916 in Harris (1916) |
Isograptus | Isograptidae | Moberg, 1892 |
Oncograptus | Isograptidae | Hall, 1914 |
Paracardiograptus | Isograptidae | Mu & Lee, 1958 |
Parisograptus | Isograptidae | Chen & Zhang, 1996 |
Procardiograptus | Isograptidae | Xiao, Xia & Wang 1985 |
Proncograptus | Isograptidae | Xiao, Xia & Wang, 1985 |
Pseudisograptus | Isograptidae | Beavis, 1972 |
Xiushuigraptus | Isograptidae | Yu & Fang, 1983 |
Apoglossograptus | Glossograptidae | Finney, 1978 |
Bergstroemograptus | Glossograptidae | Finney & Chen, 1984 |
Corynites | Glossograptidae | Kozłowski, 1956 |
Corynograptus | Glossograptidae | Hopkinson & Lapworth, 1875 |
Corynoides | Glossograptidae | Nicholson, 1867 |
Cryptograptus | Glossograptidae | Lapworth, 1880f |
Glossograpsus | Glossograptidae | Emmons, 1855 |
Kalpinograptus | Glossograptidae | Jiao, 1977 |
Lonchograptus | Glossograptidae | Tullberg, 1880 |
Mimograptus | Glossograptidae | Lapworth, 1908 in Elles & Wood (1908) |
Nanograptus | Glossograptidae | Hadding, 1915 |
Paraglossograptus | Glossograptidae | Mu in Hsü, 1959 |
Rogercooperia | Glossograptidae | Sherwin & Rickards, 2000 |
Sinoretiograptus | Glossograptidae | Mu et al., 1974 |
Skiagraptus | Glossograptidae | Harris, 1933 |
Tonograptus | Glossograptidae | Williams, 1992 |
Apiograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Diplograptinae | Cooper & McLaurin, 1974 |
Archiclimacograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Diplograptinae | Mitchell, 1987 |
Diplograpsis | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Diplograptinae | M’Coy, 1850 |
Eoglyptograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Diplograptinae | Mitchell, 1987 |
Exigraptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Diplograptinae | Mu, 1979 in Mu et al. (1979) |
Fenhshiangograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Diplograptinae | Hong, 1957 |
Levisograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Diplograptinae | Maletz 2011 |
Mesograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Diplograptinae | Elles & Wood, 1907 |
Oepikograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Diplograptinae | Obut, 1987 |
Prorectograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Diplograptinae | Li, 1994 |
Pseudamplexograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Diplograptinae | Mitchell, 1987 |
Urbanekograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Diplograptinae | Mitchell, 1987 |
Amplexograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Orthograptinae | Elles & Wood, 1907 |
Anticostia | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Orthograptinae | Stewart & Mitchell, 1997 |
Arnheimograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Orthograptinae | Mitchell, 1987 |
Ceramograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Orthograptinae | Hudson, 1915 |
Geniculograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Orthograptinae | Mitchell, 1987 |
Hustedograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Orthograptinae | Mitchell, 1987 |
Orthograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Orthograptinae | Lapworth, 1873 |
Orthoretiograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Orthograptinae | Mu, 1977 in Wang & Jin (1977) |
Pacificograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Orthograptinae | Koren’, 1979 |
Paraorthograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Orthograptinae | Mu et al., 1974 |
Pararetiograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Orthograptinae | Mu et al., 1974 |
Peiragraptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Orthograptinae | Strachan, 1954 |
Pseudoreteograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Orthograptinae | Mu, 1993 in Mu et al. (1993) |
Rectograptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Orthograptinae | Přibyl, 1949 |
Uticagraptus | Diplograptidae, Subfamily Orthograptinae | Riva, 1987 |
Arachniograptus | Lasiograptidae | Ross & Berry, 1963 |
Archiretiolites | Lasiograptidae | Eisenack, 1935 |
Brevigraptus | Lasiograptidae | Mitchell, 1988 |
Hallograptus | Lasiograptidae | Lapworth, 1876a |
Lasiograptus | Lasiograptidae | Lapworth, 1873 |
Neurograptus | Lasiograptidae | Elles & Wood, 1908 |
Nymphograptus | Lasiograptidae | Elles & Wood, 1908 |
Orthoretiolites | Lasiograptidae | Whittington, 1954 |
Paraplegmatograptus | Lasiograptidae | Mu & Lin, 1984 |
Phormograptus | Lasiograptidae | Whittington, 1955 |
Pipiograptus | Lasiograptidae | Whittington, 1955 |
Plegmatograptus | Lasiograptidae | Elles & Wood, 1908 |
Sunigraptus | Lasiograptidae | Mu, 1993 in Mu et al. (1993) |
Tysanograptus | Lasiograptidae | Elles & Wood, 1908 |
Yangzigraptus | Lasiograptidae | Mu, 1983 in Yang et al. (1983) |
Yinograptus | Lasiograptidae | Mu, 1962 in Mu & Chen (1962) |
Appendispinograptus | Climacograptidae | Li & Li, 1985 |
Clathrograptus | Climacograptidae | Lapworth, 1873 |
Climacograptus | Climacograptidae | Hall, 1865 |
Diplacanthograptus | Climacograptidae | Mitchell, 1987 |
Euclimacograptus | Climacograptidae | Riva, 1989 in Riva & Ketner (1989) |
Gymnograptus | Climacograptidae | Bulman, 1953 |
Haddingograptus | Climacograptidae | Maletz, 1997 |
Idiograptus | Climacograptidae | Lapworth, 1880 |
Leptothecalograptus | Climacograptidae | Li, 2002 in Mu et al. (2002) |
Mendograptus | Climacograptidae | Rusconi 1948 |
Notograptus | Climacograptidae | Rusconi 1948 |
Oelandograptus | Climacograptidae | Mitchell, 1987 |
Proclimacograptus | Climacograptidae | Maletz, 1997 |
Prolasiograptus | Climacograptidae | Lee, 1963 |
Pseudoclimacograptus | Climacograptidae | Přibyl, 1947 |
Reteograptus | Climacograptidae | Hall, 1859 (= Retiograptus Hall, 1865) |
Styracograptus | Climacograptidae | Štorch et al., 2011 |
Undulograptus | Climacograptidae | Bouček, 1973 |
Aclistograptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Ge, 2002 in Mu et al. (2002) |
Amphigraptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Lapworth, 1873 |
Cladograpsus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Emmons, 1855 |
Cladograpsus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Carruthers, 1858 |
Clematograptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Hopkinson, 1875 in Hopkinson & Lapworth (1875) |
Deflexigraptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Mu, 2002 in Mu et al. (2002) |
Dicaulograptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Rickards & Bulman, 1965 |
Dicellograpsus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Hopkinson, 1871 |
Diceratograptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Mu, 1963 |
Dicranograptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Hall, 1865 |
Incumbograptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Ge, 2002 in Mu et al. (2002) |
Jiangxigraptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Yu & Fang, 1966 |
Leptograptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Lapworth, 1873 |
Ningxiagraptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Ge, 2002 in Mu et al. (2002) |
Pseudazygograptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Mu, Lee & Geh, 1960 |
Syndyograptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Ruedemann, 1908 |
Tangyagraptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Dicranograptinae | Mu, 1963 |
Coenograptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Nemagraptinae | Hall, 1868 |
Geitonograptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Nemagraptinae | Obut & Zubtzov, 1964 |
Helicograpsus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Nemagraptinae | Nicholson, 1868 |
Nemagrapsus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Nemagraptinae | Emmons, 1855 |
Ordosograptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Nemagraptinae | Lin, 1980 |
Pleurograpsus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Nemagraptinae | Nicholson, 1867 |
Stephanograptus | Dicranograptidae, Subfamily Nemagraptinae | Geinitz, 1866 |
Clinoclimacograptus | Normalograptidae | Bulman & Rickards, 1968 |
Cystograptus | Normalograptidae | Hundt, 1942 |
Hedrograptus | Normalograptidae | Obut, 1949 |
?Hirsutograptus | Normalograptidae | Koren’ & Rickards, 1996 |
?Limpidograptus | Normalograptidae | Khaletskaya, 1962 |
Lithuanograptus | Normalograptidae | Paskevicius, 1976 |
Metaclimacograptus | Normalograptidae | Bulman & Rickards, 1968 |
Neodicellograptus | Normalograptidae | Mu & Wang, 1977 in Wang & Jin (1977) |
Neoglyptograptus | Normalograptidae | Rickards et al. 1995 |
Normalograptus | Normalograptidae | Legrand, 1987 |
Pseudoglyptograptus | Normalograptidae | Bulman & Rickards, 1968 |
Retioclimacis | Normalograptidae | Mu et al., 1974 |
Rhaphidograptus | Normalograptidae | Bulman, 1936 |
Scalarigraptus | Normalograptidae | Riva, 1988 |
Sichuanograptus | Normalograptidae | Zhao, 1976 |
Skanegraptus | Normalograptidae | Maletz, 2011c |
Talacastograptus | Normalograptidae | Cuerda, Rickards & Cingolani, 1988 |
Korenograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Neodiplograptinae | Melchin et al., 2011 |
Metabolograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Neodiplograptinae | Obut & Sennikov, 1985 |
Neodiplograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Neodiplograptinae | Legrand, 1987 |
Paraclimacograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Neodiplograptinae | Přibyl, 1948b |
Persculptograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Neodiplograptinae | Koren’ & Rickards, 1996 |
Rickardsograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Neodiplograptinae | Melchin et al., 2011 |
Agetograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Obut & Sobolevskaya in Obut et al., 1968 |
Cephalograpsus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Hopkinson, 1869 |
Comograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1968 in Obut et al. (1968) |
Corbograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Koren’ & Rickards, 1996 |
Demicystifer | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Hundt, 1959 |
?Demicystograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Hundt, 1950 |
Dimorphograptoides | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Koren’ & Rickards, 1996 |
Diprion | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Barrande, 1850 |
Dittograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1968 in Obut et al. (1968) |
Glyptograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Lapworth, 1873 |
Hercograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Melchin, 1999 |
Paramplexograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Melchin et al., 2011 |
Parapetalolithus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Koren’ & Rickards, 1996 |
Petalograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Suess, 1851 |
Petalolithus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Suess, 1851 |
Pseudorthograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Legrand, 1987 |
Rivagraptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Koren’ & Rickards, 1996 |
Songxigraptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Fang, Liang & Yu, 1990 |
Spinadiplograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Hundt, 1965 |
Sudburigraptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Koren’ & Rickards, 1996 |
Victorograptus | Neodiplograptidae, Subfamily Petalolithinae | Koren’ & Rickards, 1996 |
Dabashanograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Retiolitinae | Ge, 1990 |
Dimykterograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Retiolitinae | Haberfelner, 1936 |
Eiseligraptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Retiolitinae | Hundt, 1965 |
Eorograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Retiolitinae | Sennikov, 1984 |
Gladiograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Retiolitinae | Lapworth, 1875 in Hopkinson & Lapworth (1875) |
Gladiolites | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Retiolitinae | Barrande, 1850 |
Pileograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Retiolitinae | Lenz & Kozłowska, 2007 |
Pseudoplegmatograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Retiolitinae | Přibyl, 1948b |
Pseudoretiolites | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Retiolitinae | Bouček & Münch, 1944 |
Retiolites | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Retiolitinae | Barrande, 1850 |
Rotaretiolites | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Retiolitinae | Bates & Kirk, 1992 |
Sinostomatograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Retiolitinae | Huo, 1957 |
Stomatograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Retiolitinae | Tullberg, 1883 |
Tscharyschograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Retiolitinae | Sennikov, 1984 |
Agastograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Obut & Zaslavskaya, 1983 |
Baculograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Lenz & Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, 2002 |
Balticograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Bouček & Münch, 1952 |
Cometograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, 2001 |
Doliograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Lenz & Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, 2002 |
Eisenackograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, 1990 |
Giganteograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Lenz & Kozłowska, 2007 |
Gothograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Frech, 1897 |
Holoretiolites | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Eisenack, 1951 |
Kirkigraptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Kozłowska & Bates, 2008 |
Mirorgraptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Lenz & Kozłowska, 2007 |
Neogothograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, 1995 |
Papiliograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Lenz & Kozłowska, 2002 |
Paraplectograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Přibyl, 1948a |
Plectodinemagraptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, 1995 |
Plectograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Moberg & Törnquist, 1909 |
Pseudoplectograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Obut & Zaslavskaya, 1983 |
Quattuorgraptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Dobrowolska, 2013 |
Reticuloplectograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Kozłowska, Bates & Piras, 2010 |
Sagenograptoides | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Lenz & Kozłowska, 2010 |
Sagenograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Lenz & Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, 2001 |
Semiplectograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, 1995 |
Sokolovograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Obut & Zaslavskaya, 1976 |
Spinograptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Bouček & Münch, 1952 |
Valentinagraptus | Retiolitidae, Subfamily Plectograptinae | Piras, 2006 |
Akidograptus | Dimorphograptidae | Davies, 1929 |
Avitograptus | Dimorphograptidae | Melchin et al., 2011 |
Bulmanograptus | Dimorphograptidae | Přibyl, 1948b |
Cardograptus | Dimorphograptidae | Hundt, 1965 |
Dimorphograptus | Dimorphograptidae | Lapworth, 1876b |
Metadimorphograptus | Dimorphograptidae | Přibyl, 1948b |
Parakidograptus | Dimorphograptidae | Li & Ge, 1981 |
Abiesgraptus | Monograptidae | Hundt, 1935 |
Acanthograptus | Monograptidae | Tsegelniuk, 1976 |
Alexandrograptus | Monograptidae | Přibyl, 1981 |
Atavograptus | Monograptidae | Rickards, 1974 |
Averianowograptus | Monograptidae | Obut, 1949 |
Awarograptus | Monograptidae | Zalasiewicz & Howe, 2003 |
Barrandeograptus | Monograptidae | Bouček, 1933 |
Bohemograptus | Monograptidae | Přibyl, 1967a |
Bugograptus | Monograptidae | Tsegelniuk, 1976 |
Campograptus | Monograptidae | Obut, 1949 |
Cochlograptus | Monograptidae | Obut, 1987 |
Colonograptus | Monograptidae | Přibyl, 1942 |
Coronograptus | Monograptidae | Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1968 in Obut et al. (1968) |
Corymbites | Monograptidae | Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1967 in Obut et al. (1967) |
Crinitograptus | Monograptidae | Rickards, 1995 |
Cucullograptus | Monograptidae | Urbanek, 1954 |
Cultellograptus | Monograptidae | Loydell & Nestor, 2006 |
Cyrtograpsus | Monograptidae | Carruthers, 1867 in Murchison (1867) |
Damosiograptus | Monograptidae | Obut, 1950 |
Demirastrites | Monograptidae | Eisel, 1912 |
Dibranchiograptus | Monograptidae | Hundt, 1949 |
Didymograptoides | Monograptidae | Hundt, 1951 |
Diversograptus | Monograptidae | Manck, 1923 |
Dulebograptus | Monograptidae | Tsegelniuk, 1976 |
Egregiograptus | Monograptidae | Rickards & Wright, 1997 |
Enigmagraptus | Monograptidae | Rickards & Wright, 2004 |
Euroclimacis | Monograptidae | Štorch, 1998a |
Falcatograptus | Monograptidae | Hundt, 1965 |
Formosograptus | Monograptidae | Bouček et al., 1976 |
Fterograptus | Monograptidae | Tsegelniuk, 1976 |
Gangliograptus | Monograptidae | Hundt, 1939 |
Globosograptus | Monograptidae | Bouček & Přibyl, 1948 in Přibyl (1948a) |
Heisograptus | Monograptidae | Tsegelniuk, 1976 |
Hemimonograptus | Monograptidae | Zhao 1984 |
Hubeigraptus | Monograptidae | Li, 1995 |
Huttagraptus | Monograptidae | Koren’ & Bjerreskov, 1997 |
Istrograptus | Monograptidae | Tsegelniuk, 1976 |
Korenea | Monograptidae | Rickards et al., 1995 |
Kurganakograptus | Monograptidae | Golikov, 1969 |
Lagarograptus | Monograptidae | Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1968 in Obut et al. (1968) |
Lapworthograptus | Monograptidae | Bouček & Přibyl, 1952 |
Lenzia | Monograptidae | Rickards & Wright, 1999 |
Linograptus | Monograptidae | Frech, 1897 |
Lituigraptus | Monograptidae | Ni, 1978 |
Lobograptus | Monograptidae | Urbanek, 1958 |
Lomatoceras | Monograptidae | Bronn, 1835 |
Mediograptus | Monograptidae | Bouček & Přibyl, 1948 in Přibyl (1948a) |
Metamonograptus | Monograptidae | Wang, 1977 |
Monoclimacis | Monograptidae | Frech, 1897 |
Monograpsus | Monograptidae | Geinitz, 1852 |
Monoprion | Monograptidae | Barrande, 1850 |
Mystiograptus | Monograptidae | Hundt, 1965 |
Neocolonograptus | Monograptidae | Urbanek, 1997 |
Neocucullograptus | Monograptidae | Urbanek, 1970 |
Neodiversograptus | Monograptidae | Urbanek, 1963 |
Neolagarograptus | Monograptidae | Štorch, 1998b |
Neolobograptus | Monograptidae | Urbanek, 1970 |
Neomonograptus | Monograptidae | Mu & Ni, 1973 |
Obutograptus | Monograptidae | Mu, 1955 |
Oktavites | Monograptidae | Levina, 1928 |
Paradiversograptus | Monograptidae | Sennikov, 1976 |
Paragraptus | Monograptidae | Hundt, 1965 |
Paramonoclimacis | Monograptidae | Wang & Ma, 1977 in Wang & Jin (1977) |
Pernerograptus | Monograptidae | Přibyl, 1941 |
Polonograptus | Monograptidae | Tsegelniuk, 1976 |
Pomatograptus | Monograptidae | Jaekel, 1889 |
Přibylograptus | Monograptidae | Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1966 |
Pristiograptus | Monograptidae | Jaekel, 1889 |
Prochnygraptus | Monograptidae | Přibyl & Štorch, 1985 |
Procyrtograptus | Monograptidae | Poulsen, 1943 |
Prolinograptus | Monograptidae | Rickards & Wright, 1997 |
Proteograptus | Monograptidae | Lenz et al., 2012 |
Pseudomonoclimacis | Monograptidae | Mikhailova, 1975 |
Pseudostreptograptus | Monograptidae | Loydell, 1991a |
Quasipernerograptus | Monograptidae | Zhao, 1984 |
Rastrites | Monograptidae | Barrande, 1850 |
Rastrograptus | Monograptidae | Hopkinson & Lapworth, 1875 |
Saetograptus | Monograptidae | Přibyl, 1942 |
Sinodiversograptus | Monograptidae | Mu & Chen, 1962 |
Skalograptus | Monograptidae | Tsegelniuk, 1976 |
Slovinograptus | Monograptidae | Urbanek, 1997 |
Spirograptus | Monograptidae | Gürich, 1908 |
Stavrites | Monograptidae | Obut & Sobolevskaya, 1968 in Obut et al. (1968) |
Stimulograptus | Monograptidae | Přibyl & Štorch, 1983 |
Streptograptus | Monograptidae | Yin, 1937 |
Tamplograptus | Monograptidae | Tsegelniuk, 1976 |
Testograptus | Monograptidae | Přibyl, 1967b |
Thuringiograptus | Monograptidae | Hundt, 1935 |
Tirassograptus | Monograptidae | Tsegelniuk, 1976 |
Torquigraptus | Monograptidae | Loydell, 1993 |
Trimorphograptus | Monograptidae | Zhao, 1984 |
Tyrsograptus | Monograptidae | Obut, 1949 |
Uncinatograptus | Monograptidae | Tsegelniuk, 1976 |
Uralograptus | Monograptidae | Koren’, 1962 |
Urbanekia | Monograptidae | Rickards & Wright, 1999 |
?Vietnamograptus | Monograptidae | van Phuc, 1998 |
Wandograptus | Monograptidae | Rickards & Jell, 2002 |
Wolynograptus | Monograptidae | Tsegelniuk, 1976 |
See also
References
- ^ Maletz, Jörg (2014). "The classification of the Pterobranchia (Cephalodiscida and Graptolithina)". Bulletin of Geosciences. 89 (3): 477–540. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1465. ISSN 1214-1119.
- Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera (GRAPTOLITHINA)". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560. Retrieved 2009-07-13.
- Maletz, Jörg (2014). "The classification of the Pterobranchia (Cephalodiscida and Graptolithina)". Bulletin of Geosciences. 89 (3): 477–540. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1465. ISSN 1214-1119.