List of the orchids of Ireland

This is an annotated list of the orchids found in Ireland.

• Anacamptis morio (Linnaeus) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase.

Distribution. Southern half of Ireland but not Southwest Map^[1] Status. Endangered.^[2]

• 
  Anacamptis morio Habitat

• EOL images of Anacamptis morio
• Anacamptis pyramidalis (Linnaeus) Richard.

Distribution. Most of Ireland.Map ^[1]

• 
  Anacamptis pyramidalis Habitat
• 
  Anacamptis pyramidalis Donegal

• EOL images of Anacamptis pyramidalis

• Cephalanthera longifolia (Linnaeus) Fritsch.

Distribution.Scattered over Ireland. Extinct Northern Ireland Map^[1] Status.Endangered.^[2]

• 

• EOL images of Cephalanthera longifolia

valid combination Dactylorhiza viridis

• Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó.

Distribution. All of Ireland Map^[1]

• 
  Dactylorhiza fuchsii Habitat
• 
  Dactylorhiza fuchsii

• EOL images of Dactylorhiza fuchsii
• Dactylorhiza fuchsii subspecies hebridensis (Wilmott) Soó
• Dactylorhiza fuchsii subspecies fuchsii (Druce) Soó
• Dactylorhiza fuchsii subspecies okellyi (Druce) Soó
• Dactylorhiza incarnata (Linnaeus) Soó.

Distribution.All of Ireland Map^[1]

• Dactylorhiza incarnata subspecies cruenta (O.F. Müller) Soó See Kew World Checklist

Distribution Map

• 
  Dactylorhiza incarnata Habitat
• 
  Dactylorhiza incarnata

• EOL images of Dactylorhiza incarnata
• Dactylorhiza incarnata subspecies coccinea (Pugsley) Soó
• Dactylorhiza incarnata subspecies incarnata (Linnaeus)

• 
  Dactylorhiza incarnata forma rosea

• Dactylorhiza incarnata subspecies pulchella (Druce) Soó
• Dactylorhiza maculata auctorum hibernicorum.

Distribution. All of Ireland Map

• 
  Dactylorhiza maculata Habitat
• 
  Dactylorhiza maculata

• EOL images of Dactylorhiza maculata
• Dactylorhiza majalis (Reichenb.) Hunt & Summerhayes.

Distribution. Widespread Map^[3]

• 
  Dactylorhiza majalis Habitat
• 
  Dactylorhiza majalis

• EOL images of Dactylorhiza majalis
• Dactylorhiza majalis subspecies occidentalis (Pugsley) P. Delforge Synonym of Dactylorhiza kerryensis (Wilmott) P.F. Hunt & Summerhayes. See Kew World Checklist and [1]

Distribution. Western, Northern and Central Ireland Map^[1]

• 
  Dactylorhiza occidentalis Burren Habitus
• 
  Dactylorhiza occidentalis inflorescence

• Dactylorhiza purpurella (T. Stephenson & T.A. Stephenson) Soó

Distribution. All Ireland. Mainly North Map^[1]

• 
  Dactylorhiza purpurella Habitat
• 
  Dactylorhiza purpurella Inflorescence

• EOL images of Dactylorhiza purpurella
• Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó. Distribution. All Ireland.Scattered.Map

• 
  Dactylorhiza traunsteineri. Habitus
• 
  Dactylorhiza traunsteineri Inflorescence

• EOL images of Dactylorhiza traunsteineri
• Dactylorhiza viridis (Linnaeus) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase synonym Coeloglossum viride (Linnaeus) Hartman.

Distribution. All Ireland.Map^[1]

• 
  Dactylorhiza viridis Habitat
• 
  Dactylorhiza viridis Habitus
• 
  Dactylorhiza viridis

• EOL images of Dactylorhiza viridis

nothosubspecies of = Dactylorhiza (hybrid subspecies)

• x braunii (Halácsy) Borsos & Soó
• x claudiopolitana (Soó) Soó
• x formosa (T. & T.A. Stephenson) Soó
• x jenensis (Brand.) Soó
• x kellerana P.F. Hunt
• x kernerorum (Soó) Soó
• x townsendiana (Rouy) Soó
• x transiens (Druce) Soó
• x venusta (T. & T.A. Stephenson) Soó
• Dactylorhiza fuchsii x incarnata subsp. cruenta

• Epipactis atrorubens (Hoffm.) Besser.

Distribution. Western Ireland. Map^[1]

• 
  Epipactis atrorubens. Habitus
• 
  Epipactis atrorubens. Inflorescence

• EOL images of Epipactis atrorubens
• Epipactis helleborine (Linnaeus) Crantz.

Distribution. All Ireland. Map^[1]

• 
  Epipactis helleborine Habitus
• 
  Epipactis helleborine Inflorescence

• EOL images of Epipactis helleborine
• Epipactis palustris (Linnaeus) Crantz.

Distribution. All Ireland. Map^[1]

• 
  Habitat
• 
  Inflorescence
• 
  Flower

• EOL images of Epipactis palustris
• Epipactis phyllanthes G.E. Smith.

Distribution.Confined to North and coastal East Map^[1]

• 
  Epipactis phyllanthes

• EOL images of Epipactis phyllanthes

• Gymnadenia borealis (Druce) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase.

Distribution. Restricted. Map

• 
  Gymnadenia borealis Keen of Hamar NNR Scotland

• Gymnadenia conopsea (Linnaeus) R. Brown.

Distribution.All Ireland Map^[1]

• 
  Gymnadenia conopsea. Habitat
• 
  Gymnadenia conopsea Habitus

• EOL images of Gymnadenia conopsea
• Gymnadenia densiflora (Wahlenb.) A. Dietr. = Gymnadenia × densiflora (Wahlenb.) A.Dietr., Allg. Gartenzeitung 7: 170 (1839) only this hybrid name is accepted. Hybrid Formula: G. conopsea × G. odoratissima

Distribution. Restricted. North map

nothosubspecies of Gymnadenia (hybrid subspecies)

• x Dactylogymnadenia cookei (H. Harrison fil.) Soó
• x Dactylogymnadenia legrandiana (Camus) Soó
• x Dactylogymnadenia varia (T. & T.A. Stephenson) Soó

• Hammarbya paludosa (Linnaeus) Kuntze.

Distribution.All Ireland.Coastal Map Status.Endangered.^[2]

• 
  Hammarbya paludosa. Habitus
• 
  Hammarbya paludosa Infloresecence
• 
  Hammarbya paludosa Infloresecence

• EOL images of Hammarbya paludosa

valid combination Pseudorchis albida (Linnaeus) A. Löve & D. Löve. See below

Valid combination Neottia cordata (L.) Rich. Valid combination Neottia ovata (Linnaeus) Bluff & Fingerh.

• Neotinea maculata (Desfontaines) W.L. Stearn

Distribution. WesternIreland (24 Hectads) Map^[1]

• 
  Neotinea maculata

• EOL images of Neotinea maculata

• Neottia cordata (L.) Rich.

Distribution. All Ireland. Fewer records Midland Map^[1]

• 
  Listera cordata Habitat (Alpine Biotope)
• 
  Listera cordata Habitus
• 
  Listera cordata Inflorescence

• EOL images of Neottia cordata
• Neottia ovata (Linnaeus) Bluff & Fingerh.

Distribution. All Ireland.Map^[1]

• 
  Neottia ovata Habitus
• 
  Neottia ovata Inflorescence

• EOL images of Neottia ovata
• Neottia nidus-avis (Linnaeus) L.C.M.Richard

Distribution.All Ireland. Map^[1]

• 
  Neottia nidus-avis Habitus
• 
  Neottia nidus-avis Inflorescence

• EOL images of Neottia nidus-avis

• Ophrys apifera Hudson

Distribution.All Ireland. Map^[1]

• 
  Ophrys apifera Habitus
• 
  Ophrys apifera Inflorescence

• EOL images of Ophrys apifera
• Ophrys insectifera Linnaeus

Distribution.Central and West Ireland (karst). Map^[1]

• 
  Ophrys insectifera Habitat
• 
  Ophrys insectifera Habitus
• 
  Ophrys insectifera Inflorescence
• 
  Ophrys insectifera Flower

• EOL images of Ophrys insectifera

• Orchis mascula Linnaeus

Distribution.All Ireland. Map^[1]

• 
  Orchis mascula Habitus
• 
  Orchis mascula Inflorescence

• EOL images of Orchis mascula

• Platanthera bifolia (Linnaeus) L.C.M. Richard

Distribution.All Ireland. Map^[1]

• 
  Platanthera bifolia Habitat
• 
  Platanthera bifolia Habitus
• 
  Platanthera bifolia Flower

• EOL images of Platanthera bifolia
• Platanthera chlorantha (Custer) Reichenb.

Distribution.All Ireland. Map^[1]

• 
  Platanthera chlorantha Habitus
• 
  Platanthera chlorantha Inflorescence

• EOL images of Platanthera chlorantha

• Pseudorchis albida (Linnaeus) A. Löve & D. Löve

Distribution.All Ireland. Map^[1] Status.Endangered^[4]

• 
  Pseudorchis albida Habitat (Italy)
• 
  Pseudorchis albida

• EOL images of Pseudorchis albida

• Spiranthes spiralis (Linnaeus) Chevall.

Distribution. South Ireland. Map^[1]

• 
  Spiranthes spiralis Habitus
• 
  Spiranthes spiralis Flower

• EOL images of Spiranthes spiralis
• Spiranthes romanzoffiana Cham.

Distribution.North, Galway Mayo Buttress and Southwest Map^[1] Status. Endangered.^[4]

• 
  Spiranthes romanzoffiana Habitus
• 
  Spiranthes romanzoffiana Flower

• EOL images of Spiranthes romanzoffiana

See WCSP 2012. World Checklist of selected plant families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2012-October-24.

National Biodiversity Network Maps and data

• Bateman, R.M., Pridgeon, A.M. & Chase, M.W. (1997). Phylogenetics of subtribe Orchidinae (Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae) based on nuclear its sequences. 2. Infrageneric relationships and reclassification to achieve monophyly of Orchis sensu stricto. Lindleyana 12: 113-141.
• Bateman, Richard M, 2011 Glacial progress: do we finally understand thenarrow-leaved marsh-orchids? New Journal of Botany Volume 1, Number 1, June 2011, pp. 2–15(14) pdf
• O'Reilly, P. & Parker, S. (2007). The first nature guide to wild orchids in the Burren. pp. [1]-67. Lladdysul: First Nature.
• Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. (1987). Census catalogue of the flora of Ireland. A list of Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae and Angiospermae including all the native plants and established aliens known to occur in Ireland with the distribution of each species, and recommended Irish and English names. pp. [i]-xxvii, 1-171, Map. Dublin: Stationery Office.
• Sayers, B. & Sex, S. (2008). Ireland's wild orchids a field guide. pp. [i-iii], i-x, 1-109. Galway: Propeller.
• Kingston, N.. (2009). Checklist of protected & rare species in Ireland. pp. 1–15.
• Turner Ettlinger, D.M. (1976). British and Irish orchids a field guide. pp. [i]-vi, 1-141. London & Basignstoke: The Macmillan Press Ltd. ISBN 0333182626
• Webb, D.A. & Scannell, M.J.P. (1983). Flora of Connemara and the Burren. pp. i-xlv, 1-322, 4 colour pls; 25 black and white illustrations. Dublin & Cambridge: Royal Dublin Society & Cambridge University Press.
• Harrap, Anne & Simon Harrap (2009) Orchids of Britain & Ireland: A Field and Site Guide, 2nd ed., A & C Black, London. ISBN 978-1-4081-0571-9.
• Lang, David (1980) Orchids of Britain: a field guide. Oxford University Press ISBN 0192176927
• Pierre Delforge, 2006 Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East Portland, Or. : Timber Press 3rd Edition ISBN 9780881927542
• Karl-Peter Buttler, 1986 Orchideen, die wildwachsenden Arten Europas. Mosaik Verlag ISBN 3-570-04403-3
• H. Baumann, S. Künkele, 1982 Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas. Frankh ISBN 3-440-05068-8
• Robert L. Dressler,1996 Die Orchideen - Biologie und Systematik der Orchidaceae.
• Hans Sundermann, 1975 Europäische und mediterrane Orchideen. Brücke-Verlag, 2. Auflage ISBN 3-871-05010-5
• J. G. Williams, Orchideen Europas mit Nordafrika und Kleinasien. BLV Verlag, ISBN 3-405-11901-4
• Kreutz, C.A.J., 2004 Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen Landgraaf Kreutz ISBN 908066264X Lists all subspecies, forma and other names.
• Preston C. D., Pearman D. A. and Dines T.D., 2002 New Atlas of the British & Irish Flora Oxford University Press ISBN 0-19-851067-5 Verified and standardised maps.

• Biodiversity Ireland includes datasets and maps
• http://www.wildflowersofireland.net/groups.php
• Online Atlas of the British and Irish flora Biological Records Centre Information organised under :- Photos, Maps, Habitats, Life Form, Distribution, Conservation Status, Other Accounts, References.
• Orchids of France Pierre Delforge, 2000 .