Pinus hwangshanensis
Huangshan pine | |
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Huangshan pines on the Huangshan Mountains, Anhui | |
Conservation status | |
![]() Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1] | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Gymnospermae |
Division: | Pinophyta |
Class: | Pinopsida |
Order: | Pinales |
Family: | Pinaceae |
Genus: | Pinus |
Subgenus: | P. subg. Pinus |
Section: | P. sect. Pinus |
Subsection: | P. subsect. Pinus |
Species: | P. hwangshanensis |
Binomial name | |
Pinus hwangshanensis W.Y.Hsia | |
Synonyms[2] | |
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Pinus hwangshanensis,[1] or Huangshan pine, is a species of pine endemic to the mountains of eastern China; it is named after the Huangshan Mountains in Anhui, from where it was first described.
Description
Pinus hwangshanensis is an evergreen tree reaching 15–25 metres (49–82 feet) in height, with a very broad, flat-topped crown of long, level branches. The bark is thick, grayish, and scaly plated. The leaves are needle-like, dark green, 2 per fascicle, 5–8 centimetres (2–3+1⁄4 inches) long and 0.8–1 millimetre (1⁄32–3⁄64 in) wide, the persistent fascicle sheath 1 cm (1⁄2 in) long. The cones are broad squat ovoid, 4–6.5 cm (1+1⁄2–2+1⁄2 in) long, yellow-brown, opening when mature in late winter to 5–7 cm broad. The seeds are winged, 5–6 mm (3⁄16–1⁄4 in) long with a 1.5–2.5 cm wing. Pollination occurs in mid-spring, with the cones maturing 18–20 months after.[citation needed]
It is closely related to Japanese black pine (P. thunbergii), differing from it in the slenderer leaves, brown (not white) buds and broader cones.[citation needed]
Distribution and habitat
Huangshan pines are endemic to the mountains of eastern China, in the provinces of Anhui, Fujian, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang.[citation needed]
They typically grow at moderate to high altitudes on steep, rocky crags, and are a major vegetation component in the landscapes of eastern China. Many specimens are venerated for their unique rugged shapes and are frequently portrayed in traditional Chinese paintings.[citation needed]
- Huangshan pines on Mount Lushan, Jiangxi
- A painting from the Hangzhou area by Ma Lin in 1246
References
- ^ a b Farjon, A. (2013). "Pinus hwangshanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42370A2975804. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42370A2975804.en.
- ^ "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species".
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Gymnosperm Database: Pinus hwangshanensis
- Huangshan pine on Huang Shan (photos)