Trifluoroiodomethane

Names

Preferred IUPAC name

Trifluoro(iodo)methane

Other names

Trifluoroiodomethane
Iodotrifluoromethane
Monoiodotrifluoromethane
Trifluoromethyl iodide
Perfluoromethyl iodide
Freon 13T1

Identifiers

CAS Number

2314-97-8^Y

3D model (JSmol)

Interactive image

ChemSpider

15962^Y

ECHA InfoCard

100.017.286

EC Number

219-014-5

PubChem CID

16843

RTECS number

PB6975000

UNII

42A379KB0U^Y

CompTox Dashboard (EPA)

DTXSID10882016 DTXSID2062325, DTXSID10882016

InChI

InChI=1S/CF3I/c2-1(3,4)5^Y
Key: VPAYJEUHKVESSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y
InChI=1/CF3I/c2-1(3,4)5

SMILES

FC(F)(F)I

Properties

Chemical formula

CF₃I

Molar mass

195.91 g/mol

Appearance

Colorless odorless gas

Density

2.5485 g/cm³ at -78.5 °C
2.3608 g/cm³ at -32.5 °C

Melting point

−110 °C (−166 °F; 163 K)

Boiling point

−22.5 °C (−8.5 °F; 250.7 K)

Solubility in water

Slightly

Vapor pressure

541 kPa

Hazards

GHS labelling:

Pictograms

Signal word

Warning

Hazard statements

H341

Precautionary statements

P201, P202, P281, P308+P313, P405, P501

Supplementary data page

Trifluoroiodomethane (data page)

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Y verify (what is ^YN ?)

Infobox references

Chemical compound

Trifluoroiodomethane, also referred to as trifluoromethyl iodide is a halomethane with the formula CF₃I. It is an experimental alternative to Halon 1301 (CBrF₃) in unoccupied areas.^[1] It would be used as a gaseous fire suppression flooding agent for in-flight aircraft and electronic equipment fires.

Chemistry

It is used in the rhodium-catalyzed α-trifluoromethylation of α,β-unsaturated ketones.^[2]

It can be used as a new generation fire extinguishing agent to replace Halon in fire protection systems.^[3] The mechanism of extinguishing fires for CF₃I is active and primarily based on interruption of the chain reaction in the combustion area of the flame by so-called "negative" catalytic action.^[4] It is also used as an eco-friendly insulation gas to replace SF₆ in electrical power industry.^[5]

In the presence of sunlight or at temperatures above 100 °C it can react with water, forming hazardous by-products such as hydrogen fluoride (HF), hydrogen iodide (HI) and carbonyl fluoride (COF₂).^{[citation needed]}

Environmental effects

Trifluoroiodomethane contains carbon, fluorine, and iodine atoms. Although iodine is several hundred times more efficient at destroying stratospheric ozone than chlorine, experiments have shown that because the weak C-I bond breaks easily under the influence of water (owing to the electron-attracting fluorine atoms), trifluoroiodomethane has an ozone depleting potential less than one-thousandth that of Halon 1301 (0.008-0.01). Its atmospheric lifetime, at less than 1 month, is less than 1 percent that of Halon 1301, and less even than hydrogen chloride formed from volcanoes.

There is, however, still the problem of the C-F bonds absorbing in the atmospheric window.^[6] However, the IPCC has calculated the 100-year global warming potential of trifluoroiodomethane to be 0.4 (i.e., 40% of that of CO₂).^[7]

References

^ Vitali, Juan. "Halon Substitute Protects Aircrews and the Ozone Layer". www.afrlhorizons.com. Archived from the original on 11 July 2007. Retrieved 2017-09-06.
^ "Trifluoroiodomethane 171441". Sigma-Aldrich. Retrieved 2017-09-06.
^ "Fire extinguishing agents trifluoroiodomethane/CF₃I". beijingyuji. Retrieved 2018-09-20.^{[unreliable source?]}
^ "CFI rim seal fire protection for floating roof tanks" (PDF). 2018-09-20.
^ Katagiri, H.; Kasuya, H.; Mizoguchi, H.; Yanabu, S. (October 2008). "Investigation of the Performance of CF₃I Gas as a Possible Substitute for SF₆". IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. 15 (5): 1424–1429. doi:10.1109/TDEI.2008.4656252. S2CID 21905295.
^ Shimanouchi, T. (July 1977). "Tables of molecular vibrational frequencies. Consolidated volume II". Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data. 6 (3): 993–1102. Bibcode:1977JPCRD...6..993S. doi:10.1063/1.555560.
^ Ramfjord, Birgit (2012-03-05). "Listing of GWP Values as per Report IPCC WG1 AR4" (PDF). Swedish Defence Materiel Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 March 2016. Retrieved 7 September 2017.

External links

National Research Council (US) Subcommittee on Iodotrifluoromethane (2004). "Physical and Chemical Properties And Efficacy". Iodotrifluoromethane. pp. 15–17. doi:10.17226/11090. ISBN 978-0-309-09307-1. PMID 25032315.
Data sheet (in Japanese)
Material Safety Data Sheet CF₃I (in English)
CF₃I can be used as fire extinguishing agent