Dečija psihologija
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Dječja psihologija je grana kliničke psihologije koja se bavi ispitivanjem, procjenjivanjem i tretiranjem dječjih poremećaja.
Povijest
Odnedavno se dječji poremećaji ne tretiraju sa stajališta poremećaja odraslih, a opširniji opis dječjih poremećaja pojavljuje se tek 1980. godine u Dijagnostičkom i statističkom priručniku unutar službenog dijagnostičkog sustava klasifikacije.
Tijekom rada s djecom dječji klinički psiholozi primijenjuju metode klasifikacije, razmatranja, procjene prilagođene dobi djece, a testove inteligencije ili znanja koje se rjeđe koriste kod odraslih pacijenata. U obzir posebno uzimaju dječji temperament, narav interakcija roditelj-dijete, te utjecaj stresora s kojima se susreću pacijenti te dobi. Posebnost tretmana pacijenata dječje dobi je i u njihovoj nesposobnosti davanja točnih samoiskaza pa je uz djecu uobičajeno prisutstvo roditelja, roditeljska motivacija i spremnost na suradnju.
Tretman dječjih poremećaja
- Psihodinamska terapija
- Bihevioralna terapija
- Kongitivno-bihevioralne intervencije
- Biološke intervencije
Problem učinkovitosti tretmana u radu s djecom se iskazuju u njihovom kratkoročnom učinku, usmjereni su uglavnom kao reakcija na problem. Teži dječji poremećaji imaju uzrok u ekonomskim, socijalnim ili psihološkim faktorima. Kod delikvencije je uključeno mnoštvo uzročnih faktora od temperamenta, preko obitelji, problema u školi, siromaštva, problema s vršnjacima. Ozbiljni dječji poremećaji zahtijevaju dugotrajne i sveobuhvatne intervencije, što u praksi obično nije i time se ograničava dugotrajna učinkovitost.
Povezano
- Test nacrtaj čovjeka
- Rorschachov test mrlja
- Test tematske apercepije
- Test nedovršenih rečenica
Literatura
- Michael T. Nietzel, Douglas A. Bernstein, Richard Milich, Uvod u kliničku psihologiju, Naklada Slap, 2002.
- Bjorklund, D.F.; Pellegrini, A.D. (2000). „Child Development and Evolutionary Psychology”. Child Development 71 (6): 1687–1708. DOI:10.1111/1467-8624.00258. PMID 11194266. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2011-08-12. Pristupljeno 2015-07-23.
- Bornstein, M.H. & Lamb, M.E. (2005). Developmental science: An advanced textbook. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 2005.
- Johnson-Pynn, J.; Fragaszy, D.M.; Cummins-Sebree, S. (2003). „Common territories in comparative and developmental psychology: The quest for shared means and meaning in behavioral investigations.”. International Journal of Comparative Psychology 16: 1–27. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2013-05-24. Pristupljeno 2015-07-23.
- Lerner, R.M. Concepts and theories of human development. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 2002.
- Reid, V.; Striano, T. & Koops, W. Social Cognition During infancy. Psychology Press. 2007
- Norbert Bischof: Das Kraftfeld der Mythen. Signale aus der Zeit, in der wir die Welt erschaffen haben; München, Zürich: Piper, 1998; ISBN 3-492-22655-8
- Steven Pinker: Das unbeschriebene Blatt. Die moderne Leugnung der menschlichen Natur; Berlin: Berlin-Verlag, 2003; ISBN 3-8270-0509-4
- Robert Kegan, Die Entwicklungsstufen des Selbst: Fortschritte und Krisen im menschlichen Leben, München: Kindt, 1994. ISBN 978-3-925412-00-4
- Jane Loevinger, Ego Development - Questions of Method and Theory, Washington: Psychological Inquiry, 1993.
- Margaret Mahler, Fred Fine, Anni Bergman: Die psychische Geburt des Menschen. Symbiose und Individuation; Frankfurt a.M. 1996; ISBN 3-596-26731-5
- Helmut Fend: Entwicklungspsychologie des Jugendalters; Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 20033; ISBN 3-8100-3904-7
- Kurt Koffka, Die Grundlagen der psychischen Entwicklung - eine Einfuhrung in die Kinderpsychologie; Osterwieck a. Harz, A. W. Zickfeldt, 1921. Nachdruck 2012: General Books, ISBN 978-1235114465.
- Kurt Lewin, Psychologie der Entwicklung und Erziehung, Band 6 der Kurt Lewin Werksausgabe, Verlag Klett-Cotta, 1982. ISBN 978-3129351604
- Anna Arfelli Galli, Gestaltpsychologie und Kinderforschung. Krammer, Wien 2013, ISBN 978-3-901811-66-1.
- Anna Arfelli Galli, Bindungstheorie und gestalttheoretische Entwicklungspsychologie. In: Phänomenal, 6 (1/2014), 39-46.
- Fritz Oser, Wolfgang Althof: Moralische Selbstbestimmung. Modelle der Entwicklung und Erziehung im Wertebereich. Ein Lehrbuch; Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta, 1992 (20014); ISBN 3-518-28993-4
- Patricia Miller: Theorien der Entwicklungspsychologie; Berlin, Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, 1993; ISBN 3-86025-077-9
- August Flammer: Entwicklungstheorien – Psychologische Theorien der menschlichen Entwicklung; Bern 20094; ISBN 3-456-83921-9.
- Gerd Mietzel: Wege in die Entwicklungspsychologie. Kindheit und Jugend; Weinheim: Beltz, 20024; ISBN 978-3-621-27477-7
- Gerd Mietzel: Wege in die Entwicklungspsychologie. Erwachsenenalter und Lebensende; Weinheim: Beltz, 19972; ISBN 978-3-621-27376-3
- Werner Deutsch: Aus der Kinderstube in die Wissenschaft. Entwicklungspsychologische Tagebuchstudien; in: I. Behnken, J. Zinnecker (Hrsg.): Handbuch Kindheit; Hannover: Velber, 2004
- Peter Rossmann: Einführung in die Entwicklungspsychologie des Kindes- und Jugendalters; Bern: Huber, 19964; ISBN 3-456-82723-7
- Rolf Oerter, Leo Montada (Hrsg.): Entwicklungspsychologie. Lehrbuch. Weinheim: Beltz, 20025; ISBN 3-621-27479-0
- Franz Petermann (Hrsg.): Lehrbuch der Klinischen Kinderpsychologie. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 20086; ISBN 978-3-8017-2157-2
- H. M. Trautner: Lehrbuch der Entwicklungspsychologie, 2 Bände; Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1992/1997
- Arnold Lohaus & Marc Vierhaus: Entwicklungspsychologie des Kindes- und Jugendalters für Bachelor. 2. Auflage. Heidelberg: Springer, 2013, ISBN 978-3-642-34434-3
Među 20 najprominentnijih žurnala u oblasti dečije psihologije su:
- Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
- Development and Psychopathology
- Child Development
- Autism Research
- Kindheit und Entwicklung
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- European Child & Adolescent Psychology
- Developmental Science
- Developmental Review
- Psychology and Aging
- Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology
- Developmental Psychology
- Journal of Adolescent Health
- Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders
- Developmental Neuropsychology
- Journal of Research on Adolescence
- Journal of Youth and Adolescence
- Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology
- Journal of Pediatric Psychology
Vanjske veze
- The Society for Research in Child Development
- The British Psychological Society, Developmental Psychology Section Arhivirano 2010-12-07 na Wayback Machine-u
- Developmental Psychology: lessons for teaching and learning developmental psychology
- GMU’s On-Line Resources for Developmental Psychology Arhivirano 2003-11-21 na Wayback Machine-u: a web directory of developmental psychology organizations
- Home Economics Archive: Research, Tradition, History (HEARTH)
An e-book collection of over 1,000 books spanning 1850 to 1950, created by Cornell University's Mann Library. Includes several hundred works on human development, child raising, and family studies itemized in a specific bibliography. - Infants can do more than we think. Arhivirano 2010-03-27 na Wayback Machine-u Research from Uppsala university 2010.
- It's the Parenting, Dodo | Living Hero Radio Show and Podcast special. With Arun Gandhi telling 4 stories of growing up with Mahatma Gandhi's non-violent parenting and childhood development practices and Dr. Marcy Axness, author of Parenting for Peace giving parenting guidelines and information. Jan 2013