11th G7 summit
11th G7 summit | |
---|---|
Schaumburg Palace in Bonn | |
Host country | West Germany |
Dates | May 2–4, 1985 |
Venue(s) | Palais Schaumburg |
Cities | Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia |
Follows | 10th G7 summit |
Precedes | 12th G7 summit |
The 11th G7 Summit was held in Bonn, West Germany between May 2 and May 4, 1985. The venue for the summit meeting was at the former official residence of the Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany in Bonn, the Palais Schaumburg.[1]
The Group of Seven (G7) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, West Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada (since 1976),[2] and the President of the European Commission (starting officially in 1981).[3] The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions; and in fact, a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France's president Valéry Giscard d'Estaing and West Germany's chancellor Helmut Schmidt as they conceived the first Group of Six (G6) summit in 1975.[4]
Leaders at the summit
The G7 is an unofficial annual forum for the leaders of Canada, the European Commission, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.[3]
The 11th G7 summit was the first summit for Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney.
Participants
These summit participants are the current "core members" of the international forum:[5][1][6]
Core G7 members Host state and leader are shown in bold text. | |||
Member | Represented by | Title | |
---|---|---|---|
Canada | Brian Mulroney | Prime Minister | |
France | François Mitterrand | President | |
West Germany | Helmut Kohl | Chancellor | |
Italy | Bettino Craxi | Prime Minister | |
Japan | Yasuhiro Nakasone | Prime Minister | |
United Kingdom | Margaret Thatcher | Prime Minister | |
United States | Ronald Reagan | President | |
European Community | Jacques Delors | Commission President | |
Bettino Craxi | Council President |
Issues
The summit was intended as a venue for resolving differences among its members. As a practical matter, the summit was also conceived as an opportunity for its members to give each other mutual encouragement in the face of difficult economic decisions.[4] Issues which were discussed at this summit included:
- Growth and Employment
- Relations with Developing Countries
- Multilateral Trading System and International Monetary System
- Environment Policies
- Cooperation in Science and Technology
Gallery
See also
Notes
- ^ a b Japan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA): Summit Meetings in the Past.. Accessed 2009-03-11. Archived 2009-04-29.
- ^ Saunders, Doug. "Weight of the world too heavy for G8 shoulders," Archived 2008-10-11 at the Wayback Machine Globe and Mail (Toronto). July 5, 2008 -- n.b., the G7 becomes the Group of Eight (G7) with the inclusion of Russia starting in 1997.
- ^ a b Reuters: "Factbox: The Group of Eight: what is it?", July 3, 2008.
- ^ a b Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations, p. 205.
- ^ Rieffel, Lex. "Regional Voices in Global Governance: Looking to 2010 (Part IV)," Archived June 3, 2010, at the Wayback Machine Brookings. March 27, 2009; "core" members (Muskoka 2010 G-8, official site). Archived June 2, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ MOFA: Summit (11); European Union: "EU and the G8" Archived 2007-02-26 at the Wayback Machine
References
- Bayne, Nicholas and Robert D. Putnam. (2000). Hanging in There: The G7 and G8 Summit in Maturity and Renewal. Aldershot, Hampshire, England: Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7546-1185-1; OCLC 43186692( Archived 2012-11-10 at the Wayback Machine 2009-04-29)
- Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-16486-3; ISBN 978-0-203-45085-7; OCLC 39013643
External links
- No official website is created for any G7 summit prior to 1995 -- see the 21st G7 summit.
- University of Toronto: G8 Research Group, G8 Information Centre
- G7 1985, delegations & documents
- v
- t
- e
(1975)
- 1st (Rambouillet 1975)
(1976–1996)
- 2nd (Dorado 1976)
- 3rd (London 1977)
- 4th (Bonn 1978)
- 5th (Tokyo 1979)
- 6th (Venice 1980)
- 7th (Montebello 1981)
- 8th (Versailles 1982)
- 9th (Williamsburg 1983)
- 10th (London 1984)
- 11th (Bonn 1985)
- 12th (Tokyo 1986)
- 13th (Venice 1987)
- 14th (Toronto 1988)
- 15th (Grande Arche 1989)
- 16th (Houston 1990)
- 17th (London 1991)
- 18th (Munich 1992)
- 19th (Tokyo 1993)
- 20th (Naples 1994)
- 21st (Halifax 1995)
- 22nd (Lyon 1996)
(1997–2013)
- 23rd (Denver 1997)
- 24th (Birmingham 1998)
- 25th (Cologne 1999)
- 26th (Kyusyu-Okinawa 2000)
- 27th (Genoa 2001)
- 28th (Kananaskis 2002)
- 29th (Évian-les-Bains 2003)
- 30th (Sea Island 2004)
- 31st (Gleneagles 2005)
- 32nd (Saint Petersburg 2006)
- 33rd (Heiligendamm 2007)
- 34th (Hokkaido-Toyako 2008)
- 35th (L'Aquila 2009)
- 36th (Huntsville 2010)
- 37th (Deauville 2011)
- 38th (Camp David 2012)
- 39th (Lough Erne 2013)
(2014–present)
- 40th (Brussels 2014)
- 41st (Schloss Elmau 2015)
- 42nd (Ise-Shima 2016)
- 43rd (Taormina 2017)
- 44th (La Malbaie 2018)
- 45th (Biarritz 2019)
46th (Camp David 2020)- 47th (Carbis Bay 2021)
- 48th (Schloss Elmau 2022)
- 49th (Hiroshima 2023)
- 50th (Fasano 2024)
- 51st (Kananaskis 2025)